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1.
Eur J Pediatr ; 183(1): 503-507, 2024 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37889290

RESUMO

This study describes 5 mediastinitis cases secondary to invasive group A Streptococcus (iGAS) disease in a recent outbreak in Spain. Among 398 iGAS cases between January 2019-March 2023, 5 (1.3%) were mediastinitis, 4 occurring in December 2022, all secondary to pneumonia or deep neck infection. We outline the clinical outcome with a review of the scarce pediatric literature.  Conclusion: mediastinistis is a rare but severe complication of iGAS and a high level of suspicion is required to diagnose it. What is Known: • Group A Streptococcus can cause invasive and severe infections in children. • Mediastinitis is a severe complication from some bacterial infections, mainly secondary due to deep-neck abscesses. What is New: • Mediastinitis is an unrecognized complication due to an invasive group A Streptococcus (iGAS) infection. • In cases of a deep-neck abscess or complicated pneumonia a high clinical suspicion of iGAS mediastinitis is required, especially when the clinical course is not favorable.


Assuntos
Mediastinite , Pneumonia , Infecções Estreptocócicas , Humanos , Criança , Mediastinite/etiologia , Mediastinite/complicações , Espanha/epidemiologia , Abscesso/etiologia , Abscesso/microbiologia , Streptococcus pyogenes , Infecções Estreptocócicas/complicações , Infecções Estreptocócicas/diagnóstico , Infecções Estreptocócicas/epidemiologia
3.
Rev. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr.) ; 69(1): 13-19, ene.-feb. 2013. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-125484

RESUMO

Los Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos (CIPs) iniciaron su actividad en el Hospital Infantil La Paz en el año 1074. El servicio actual dispone de 16 camas, cuatro de cuidados medios, ocho de cuidados intensivos y cuatro de aislamiento con exclusa y filtros HEPA (High Efficiency Particulate Air). En los últimos 6 años (2006-2010) se han atendido 3.674 pacientes, media de 612 pacientes año, con una ocupación media anual del 83,4% y mortalidad media anual del 4,9%. Al ser considerado un servicio polivalente, se ha establecido una estrecha colaboración prácticamente con la totalidad de los servicios y especialidades pediátricas médico-quirúrgicas del hospital, con mayor o menor frecuencia según las patologías asistidas, destacando entre las patologías asistidas, destacado entre las patologías quirúrgicas los pacientes con asistencia ventricular (Berlin Hear), ECMO (Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation) y trasplante cardiaco; así como tratamiento psotoepratorio de los trasplantes hepáticos, renales, intestinales y multiviscerales. Entre las líneas de trabajo, hay que destacar el tratamiento intracoronario con células progenitoras autólogas de médula ósea en pacientes con miocardiopatía dilatada e insuficiencia cardíaca; creación de un equipo mixto, médico y de enfermería para el abordaje guiado por ecografía, de accesos venosos centrales insertados periféricamente; registro de una patente europea de válvula de cierre ultrarrápido y sin fugas para respiradores; utilización a nivel pediátrico de la tecnología ventilatoria NAVA (Neurally Adjusted Ventilatory Asist); monitorización hemodinámica con el monitor PiCCO2 (Pulsion Medical System); la promoción de la ecuación médica basada en la simulación de ata fidelidad y la implantación de la asistencia ventricular externa en Pediatría (AU)


The Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of La Paz Universitary Hospital, was founded in 1974. It is now a polyvalent medical-surgical tertiary unit, equipped with 4 intermediate care beds, 8 intensive care beds and 4 isolation beds with airlock and HEPA filters for the treatment of transplanted and immunocompromised patients. In the last 6 years, 3674 patients have been treated (mean 612 patients/year) with a mean occupancy rate of 83,4% and a mortality rate of 4,9&. As the polyvalent unit it is, PICU staff maintains close and daily contact and cooperation with almost all the rest of the medical and surgical departments of the hospital. In this regard Critically ill cardiac patients are admitted in the PICU ( for the treatment with ECMO and ventricular assist devices (EXCOR Berlin Heart), as well as post-operative patients after cardiac, liver, renal, intestinal and multivisceral transplantation. Of all the achievements and current lines of work of the department, it can be highlighted the intracoronary treatment with autologous bone marrow derived progenitor cells in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy, the implantation development of a pediatric ventricular assist program, the echo guided cannulation of peripherally inserted central venous catheter by a especially trained intravenous therapy team, the registration of a European patent for a ultrarapid shutoff respirator valve, the incorporation of NAVA mode for mechanically ventilated patients and the PiCCO2 monitor for the hemodynamic monitorization of patient with cardiovascular dysfunction, and the promotion of medical education based on high-fidelity simulation (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Recém-Nascido , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Estado Terminal/epidemiologia , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica/organização & administração , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal/organização & administração , Hospitais Pediátricos/organização & administração , Cuidados Críticos/organização & administração
4.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 68(5): 255-257, mayo 2010.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-85128

RESUMO

Las intoxicaciones constituyen un motivo de consulta frecuente en urgencias pediátricas. En los pacientes con bajo nivel de conciencia y afectación multiorgánica, las intoxicaciones deben considerarse como primera sospecha diagnóstica. Presentamos el caso de una niña de 3 años de edad con dolor abdominal, vómitos, dificultad respiratoria, sensación de mareo, agitación y disminución del nivel de conciencia. Los padres referían que cuando la niña presentó el cuadro estaba comiendo un caramelo, por lo que ante la sospecha de aspiración, se le realizó una intubación y una broncoscopia rígida, con la que se descartó la existencia de un cuerpo extraño y se observó una mucosa traqueobronquial con lesiones difusas. Durante la broncoscopia la paciente sufrió una crisis convulsiva; se le administró midazolam y se realizó una tomografía computarizada craneal, que resultó normal. Se ingresó a la paciente en la unidad de cuidados intensivos pediátricos, donde se mantuvo en ventilación mecánica. Los padres referían que su hija padecía una pediculosis, tratada en las últimas horas con un insecticida (Floricruz Cruz Verde®), compuesto por un organofosforado (diazinón) y un hidrocarburo (nafta) (AU)


Poisoning represents a frequent reason for consultation in emergency pediatrics. In patients with a low level of consciousness and other organs involvement, should be regarded as a first diagnosis suspicion. We present a three year old girl who presents stomach-ache, vomits, respiratory distress, sensation of dizziness, agitation and a decrease of consciousness. Her parents refer she was eating a candy, so an accidental ingestion is suspected. She was intubated and underwent rigid bronchoscopy. There is nothing in the airway but there are a lot of erosions in the tracheal and bronchial mucosa. The girl suffers a convulsive crisis during the bronchoscopy and she is treated with midazolam. Brain CT scan is normal. She is admitted in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) and connected to mechanical ventilation. The parents are interrogated again and they refer she has a pediculosis which they have treated in the last few hours with insecticide(Floricruz Cruz Verde®), which contains an organophosphate(diazinon) and a hydrocarbon (naphta) (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Compostos Organofosforados/efeitos adversos , Compostos Organofosforados/análise , Compostos Organofosforados/toxicidade , Intoxicação/complicações , Intoxicação/diagnóstico , Intoxicação/terapia , Dor Abdominal/complicações , Dor Abdominal/diagnóstico , Dor Abdominal/terapia , Vômito/complicações , Vômito/diagnóstico , Broncoscopia/métodos , Broncoscopia , Atropina/metabolismo , Atropina/toxicidade , Epilepsia/complicações
5.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 67(8): 401-404, sept. 2009. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-75921

RESUMO

Presentamos el caso de un niño de 4 años que ingresa en la unidad de cuidados intensivos pediátricos (UCIP) por mal estado general, dificultad respiratoria severa con débil esfuerzo y ronquido inspiratorio. La auscultación cardiopulmonar muestra hipoventilación y ritmo de galope, tiene hepatomegalia y, desde el punto de vista neurológico, presenta disminución del nivel de conciencia (Glasgow 6/15). En las pruebas complementarias, se observa un daño hipóxico-isquémico generalizado(creatinina sérica de 1,8 mg/dL; GOT de 23.730 UI/L y GPT de 5.771 UI/L; actividad de protrombina del 31% y troponina de1,73 ng/mL). La radiografía de tórax muestra una discreta cardiomegalia y la ecocardiografía hipertensión pulmonar. En la eco-Doppler abdominal se observa una severa hiperecogenicidad cortical renal y hepatomegalia. En el electroencefalograma hay signos de afectación cerebral generalizada, y en la tomografía computarizada (TC) craneal aparecen dos áreas cerebrales sugestivas de infartos isquémicos e hipertrofia adenoidea. A los pocos días del ingreso, se realiza una adenoamigdalectomía. En el momento del alta, los parámetros analíticos son normales, y en la ecocardiografía no se observa hipertensión pulmonar (AU)


We present a case report of a four year old child who is admittedat the PICU due to general bad condition, serious respiratorydifficulty with low effort and inspiratory snoring. The cardiopulmonarauscultation shows hypoventilation and gallop rhythm.He also shows hepatomegaly and awareness reduction at aneurological level (Glasgow 6/15). The complementary testsshow a generalized hypoxic-ischemic injury (serum creatinine of1.8 mg/dL; GOT of 23,730 IUI/L and GPT of 5,771 IU/L; prothrombinactivity 31% and troponin 1.73 ng/mL). Thorax X-rayshows cardiomegaly and the echocardiography pulmonary hypertension.The abdominal echo-doppler shows a serious renalcortical hyperechogenicity and hepatomegaly. At the electroencephalographthere are some signs of generalized cerebraldamage and in the cranial scan there are two cerebral areasthat suggest ischemic infarctions and adenoid hypertrophy. Atonsillectomy is performed some days after admission. At thedischarge, the analytical parameters are normal and there is nopulmonary hypertension (PHT) in the echocardiography (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pré-Escolar , Apneia , Síndromes da Apneia do Sono/complicações , Síndromes da Apneia do Sono/diagnóstico , Síndromes da Apneia do Sono/epidemiologia , Síndromes da Apneia do Sono/etiologia , Síndromes da Apneia do Sono/cirurgia , Síndromes da Apneia do Sono/terapia , Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono , Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono/cirurgia , Transtornos Respiratórios , Epidemiologia Analítica
6.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 69(1): 59-62, 2008 Jul.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18620680

RESUMO

Despite appropriate antimicrobial therapy and vaccination, invasive pneumococcal infections remain associated with significant mortality, especially in selected high-risk groups (asplenic, humoral immunity deficient patients, etc.). We present a 13-year-old caucasian boy with HIV infection (vertical transmission). He received treatment with highly-active antiretroviral therapy (amprenavir, lamivudine and zidovudine) and vaccination with 23-valent vaccine (6 years old) and 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (10 years old). His CD4 count and his viral load at these times were 2,063/microl and 13461 cop/ml, when he was 6 years old and 1,315/microl and 32400 cop/ml when he was 10 years old, respectively. The latest CD4 count (1,000/microl) and his viral load (3800 cop/ml) confirmed satisfactory control of the disease. He was referred to our emergency department presenting with fever, head and stomach-ache and vomiting. In the following hours his condition continued to deteriorate and depressed level of consciousness and meningismus were observed. Streptococcus pneumoniae, serotype 18 C, was detected in blood and cerebrospinal fluid cultures. Despite appropriate treatment with antibiotics (cefotaxime and vancomycin) and anti-oedema medications, brain-death was confirmed 24 hours after his admittance.


Assuntos
Infecções por HIV/complicações , Infecções por HIV/terapia , Infecções Pneumocócicas/complicações , Infecções Pneumocócicas/prevenção & controle , Vacinas Pneumocócicas/administração & dosagem , Vacinas Conjugadas/uso terapêutico , Adolescente , Feminino , Humanos , Falha de Tratamento
7.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 69(1): 59-62, jul. 2008.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-66738

RESUMO

La infección neumocócica sigue asociada con una importante mortalidad, especialmente en grupos de riesgo (esplenectomizados, déficit de la inmunidad humoral, etc.) a pesar de vacunas y antibióticos adecuados. Presentamos a un niño de 13 años VIH positivo por transmisión vertical tratado con triple terapia (amprenavir, lamivudina y zidovudina). Fue vacunado con vacuna 23-valente a los 6 años y conjugada heptavalente a los 10 años de edad. El recuento de células CD4 y su carga viral a los 6 años eran de 2.063/μl y 13.461 copias/ml, respectivamente. A los 10 años el recuento de CD4 y su carga viral eran de 1.315/μl y 32.400 copias/ml, respectivamente. El último recuento de CD4 (1.000/μl) y la carga viral (3.800 copias/ml) confirmaban un buen control de la enfermedad 15 días antes del ingreso. Acude a urgencias por fiebre, dolor abdominal y vómitos. Hay un progresivo deterioro del nivel de conciencia y signos meníngeos. En el hemocultivo y en el cultivo de LCR crece Streptococcus pneumoniae serotipo 18C, y es tratado con cefotaxima y vancomicina, así como medidas antiedema cerebral, pero evoluciona a muerte cerebral en 24 h (AU)


Despite appropriate antimicrobial therapy and vaccination, invasive pneumococcal infections remain associated with significant mortality, especially in selected high-risk groups (asplenic, humoral immunity deficient patients, etc.). We present a 13-year-old caucasian boy with HIV infection (vertical transmission). He received treatment with highly-active antiretroviral therapy (amprenavir, lamivudine and zidovudine) and vaccination with 23-valent vaccine (6 years old) and 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (10 years old). His CD4 count and his viral load at these times were 2,063/μl and 13461 cop/ml, when he was 6 years old and 1,315/μl and 32400 cop/ml when he was 10 years old, respectively. The latest CD4 count (1,000/μl) and his viral load (3800 cop/ml) confirmed satisfactory control of the disease. He was referred to our emergency department presenting with fever, head and stomach-ache and vomiting. In the following hours his condition continued to deteriorate and depressed level of consciousness and meningismus were observed. Streptococcus pneumoniae, serotype 18 C, was detected in blood and cerebrospinal fluid cultures. Despite appropriate treatment with antibiotics (cefotaxime and vancomycin) and anti-oedema medications, brain-death was confirmed 24 hours after his admittance (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Criança , Infecções por HIV/imunologia , Pneumonia Pneumocócica/complicações , Pneumonia Pneumocócica/diagnóstico , Pneumonia Pneumocócica/imunologia , Vacinas Pneumocócicas/efeitos adversos , Vacinas Pneumocócicas/análise , Cefotaxima/administração & dosagem , Cefotaxima/uso terapêutico , Vacinas Pneumocócicas/imunologia , Concentração Osmolar , HIV/imunologia , Soropositividade para HIV/imunologia , Infecções Pneumocócicas/imunologia , Streptococcus/isolamento & purificação , Vacinas Pneumocócicas/uso terapêutico , Sinais e Sintomas , Escala de Resultado de Glasgow/tendências , Escala de Resultado de Glasgow , Vacinas/efeitos adversos
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